Associations among smoking status, lifestyle and lipoprotein subclasses

Abstract

Background: The relationship between cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease is well established, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Although smokers have a more atherogenic lipid profile, this may be mediated by other lifestyle-related factors. Analysis of lipoprotein subclasses by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) may improve characterisation of lipoprotein abnormalities. Objective: We used NMR spectroscopy to investigate the relationships between smoking status, lifestyle-related risk factors, and lipoproteins in a contemporary cohort. Methods: A total of 612 participants (360 women) aged 40-69 years at baseline (1990-1994) enrolled in the Melbourne ..